关键词: 农村居民点, 空间格局, 景观指数, GIS

Abstract:

With the implementation of "coordinating urban and rural construction land" policy and "people linked to land" policy, it is of great significance for relieving the contradiction existing in the construction land between supply and demand, and in addition to grasp the laws of spatial pattern and arrange reasonable layouts for rural residential patches that have large renovation potential. Based on the "Land Use Change Survey Database 2010" and "Jilin Statistical Yearbook 2011", the laws of spatial pattern of the present rural residential land for different administrative districts in Changchun-Jilin consolidated metropolitan area were quantitatively analyzed using GIS method combined with landscape ecology method. The spatial relationships between the layouts of rural residential land and slope, river, road, and railway were also discussed in the same way. As a multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the locational suitability of rural residential patches, we divided rural settlements into different types of renovation, which could provide a theoretical support and reference for the comprehensive management of territory. The results indicate that: (1) the land distribution of rural settlements is uneven, and both the quantity and density have big deviations in different administrative regions. (2) The terrain conditions (slope), water conditions (river), traffic conditions (roads and railways) all have effects on the spatial layouts of the rural residential land in the study area, but the effects are different. Different grades of road (trunk road and branch) and different forms of railway (rail lines and stations) have different effects on the spatial pattern of rural settlements. (3) On this basis, according to the role of influence factors that have effects on rural settlements, we divided the spatial locations of rural residential patches into different suitability grades. Therefore, the rural residential patches were further divided into corresponding types, including the priority development areas, the retaining development areas and the limited development areas. Then, we pointed out and discussed the improvement directions for each rural residential type.

Key words: rural residential land, spatial distribution, landscape index, GIS