关键词: 对外交通枢纽, 核密度估计, 标准差椭圆, 出租车GPS, 北京

Abstract:

External traffic hub has a major impact on inner-city traffic, hence it is of great significance to study its passengers' OD distribution within the city for designing ground connection lines and stops along the route. Based on the Taxi GPS data in Beijing, this paper selected three typical types of external traffic hubs (airport, train station, bus passenger station) and studied the passengers' OD temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of external traffic hubs in Beijing by using methods of standard deviational ellipse, kernel density estimation and statistical analysis. The results showed that: (1) passenger traffic in the airport and the train station is much larger than the bus passenger station. Beijing Capital International Airport and Beijing West Railway Station have the largest outbound passenger capacity, while Beijing Nanyuan Airport and Beijing North Railway Station have fewer outbound passengers. (2) airport passengers are mainly distributed within most parts of the 4th Ring Road region and some parts of the 5th Ring Road region. The passenger traffic in the airport covers all the time periods except a period between 1 am and 4 am. Passengers of the train station are mainly distributed within most parts of the 4th Ring Road region and their traffic time mainly occures between 6 am and 9 pm. Passengers of each bus passenger station are mainly distributed in the peripheral area of itself and their traffic time mainly occures between 6 am and 5 pm. (3) Beijing South Railway Station has a strong connection with Beijing West Railway station and Beijing Railway station, so it is worth opening special connection lines between Beijing South Railway Station and the other two stations. In addition, the distribution areas for passengers of Beijing Capital International Airport and Beijing Nanyuan Airport are in accordance with certain new airport bus lines opened recently, which demonstrated that passengers' OD analysis based on taxi GPS data may indeed provide a good basis for the decision-making departments to conduct proper transportation planning.

Key words: external traffic hub, kernel density estimation, standard deviational ellipse, taxi GPS, Beijing