关键词: 人口, 空间化, 夜间灯光数据, 土地利用数据, 乡镇级, 山东省

Abstract:

Gridded population data can be used to describe the actual spatial distribution of populations and is an effective way to achieve better integration of population data with natural, social, and economic factors. This study analyzed the demand of fine-scale gridded population data. Taking the densely populated Shandong Province in eastern China as an example, the spatialization method of township-level demographic data was investigated using nighttime satellite data and land use data fusion modeling. In this process, EVI was used to reduce saturation of DMSP/OLS nighttime satellite data to increase the difference of population distribution within the urban land. The urban and rural two-level partition method was used to avoid the shortcomings of nighttime data in the low radiance area of rural areas. The demographic values from the rest region were used to evaluate the modeling accuracy, and the results showed that 78% of the administrative units had an absolute relative error of less than 20%. Finally, based on the population data of the township-level which was first published in the fifth census in 2000, the gridded population data SDpop2000 at 100 m- resolution in Shandong Province was generated. The SDpop2000 was compared with the global WorldPop population data product with higher precision. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between SDpop2000 and WorldPop on the 10 km grid scale was as high as 0.93, and the population distribution of SDpop2000 was obviously more accurate than that of WorldPop in the central Shandong, southwestern Taian, southern Jining, southern Linyi, northern Zaozhuang, and the northern Shandong coastal areas. In addition, the SDpop2000 better described the population distribution trend in Shandong Province, which was denser in western Shandong and the plains of northern Shandong than in the mountainous hilly areas in the central and southern Shandong, the coast of northern Shandong, and the hilly area of Shandong Peninsula. Overall, the spatialization method of township-level population data developed in this study significantly improved spatialization precision and is suitable for township-level population spatialization.

Key words: population, spatialization, nighttime light data, land use data, township-level, Shandong Province