关键词: 三维空间数据模型, 三维地籍, 不动产, BIM, IFC, 房地一体化, 产权关系, 空间权利

Abstract:

Accurately quantifying the three-dimensional (3-D) characteristics of real estate in a 3-D space is a key issue for the comprehensive development of urban above ground and underground spaces. The domestic and foreign scholars have proposed various real estate data models to improve the real estate management and the 3-D expression of space rights. By reviewing domestic and foreign researches, it is found that the real estate data models proposed by foreign scholars mostly focus on cadastre, which cannot be fully applied to the real estate management in China. Although the domestic scholars have considered the cadastre and real estate, they neglected the relationship between architectural entities, architectural space, and property right. Thus, the real estate information and the Building Information Modeling (BIM) have not been integrated together in domestic models, which limits the management of real estate. Based on this, this paper proposes a 3-D real estate data model which integrates the land and housing based on extended Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and further confirms the model feasibility for management of the real estate. The model proposed in this paper clearly expresses the building objects and property rights. It can not only support the query of association for business, but also support the query and expression of topological relations in GIS. The 3-D real estate data model integrates architectural components and architectural spaces in BIM, which provides technical support for urban construction and operation.

Key words: 3-D spatial data model, 3-D cadastre, real estate, BIM, IFC, land and housing integration, property right relation, space rights