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摘要： 植被的变化特征是流域生态监测的重要内容和流域综合管理决策的基础信息。基于谷歌地球引擎（Google Earth Engine,GEE），利用空间分辨率为250 m的MODIS-EVI（Enhanced Vegetation Index）产品，研究2001~2017年黑河流域植被的时空变化趋势及延续性特征。结合气温、降水与河流径流量观测数据，分析黑河流域上游、中下游绿洲与非绿洲区植被变化的影响因素。结果表明：近17年来黑河流域植被年最大EVI值年均增幅为0.003 9，年均新增植被面积为480.3 km2。受气温、降水、耕地开垦、水资源管理措施及与其密切相关的地下水等因素的不同影响，上中下游表现出不同的变化特征。无论是年最大EVI值还是植被面积，中游的增加趋势最为显著，绿洲区较非绿洲区增加趋势更为明显。这种变化趋势短期内可能延续，但长时间内存在较大风险。研究为快速监测植被变化提供了示范，揭示了干旱区植被监测中长势变化与类型变化的同等重要性，流域植被变化的区域协同性对合理分水、加强地表-地下水协同管理等流域综合管理提出了更高要求。 关键词： 遥感;  植被覆盖度;  EVI;  Google Earth Engine     Abstract: Characteristics of vegetation variation play an important role in ecological monitoring and provide the basis for integrated river basin management decisions. In this study, the spatial-temporal trends in vegetation cover change and its sustainability in Heihe river basin during 2001~2017 were characterized, using MODIS-EVI time series data at a spatial resolution of 250 meters in Google Earth Engine(GEE) platform. Combined with temperature, precipitation and river runoff data, the factors affecting vegetation growth in Heihe River Basin were identified. The results show that: Over the last 17 years, the average annual increment of EVI in Heihe river basin was 0.003 9, and the annual expansion of vegetation area was 480.3 km2. Vegetation in the upper, middle and lower reaches of Heihe river has changed in varying degrees affected by temperature, precipitation, reclamation of cultivated land, water resources management and related groundwater. Whether the annual maximum EVI value or vegetation area, the increase trend of vegetation in the middle reaches was the most significant, and the oasis area was more obvious than the non-oasis area. This trend is sustainable in the short term, but there is a greater risk for a long time scale. The study provides a demonstration for high-speed monitoring of vegetation changes, reflecting the equal importance of growth and type changes for monitoring vegetation in arid regions. The regional synergy of vegetation changes in river basin puts forward higher requirements for integrated river basin management, such as reasonable water separation and strengthening surface-groundwater collaborative management.

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