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摘要： 大气平均作用温度Ta是地表温度遥感单窗算法中一个关键的参数,利用2008~2011年全国123个探空站点资料,针对大气水汽量的垂直分布特征,分析了利用近地层气温T0估算大气有效平均温度的可行性;进一步分析了T0和Ta之间的相关性,建立了适合我国地区大气平均温度估算的最佳模型Ta=44.97098+0.80512 T0,模型的决定系数R2为0.859,均方根误差为4.198 K。通过对44幅HJ\|1B/IRS热红外图像地温反演的敏感性分析,结果表明:模型估算的Ta用于地表温度反演时的误差为1.734 K;当大气透射率τ很小时,模型估算的Ta误差对地温反演很敏感,较小的估算误差会给地温反演带来很大的误差;随着大气透射率τ的增加,Ta的估算误差对地温反演的敏感性逐渐降低。 关键词： 地表温度;  遥感;  大气平均作用温度;  单窗算法;  模型     Abstract: Effective mean atmospheric temperature,Ta is a key parameter for the mono-window algorithm in the land surface temperature,LST remote sensing.Using radiosonde data of 123 stations within Chinese continent from 2008 to 2011,the vertical distribution characteristics of water vapor in atmospheric profile is discovered and the feasibility of Ta is esimated by air temperature near land surface T0is displayed,then their relationship is discussed,the results show that the best estimated model of Ta is deduced for land surface temperature remote sensing in China,and that is Ta=44.97098+0.80512T0,its determination coefficient is 0.859 and the root-mean-square error,RMSE is 4.198 K.The sensitivity analysis of Ta model for the land surface temperature remote sensing is carried out by 44 HJ-1B/IRS thermal infrared images,and the results show that the RMSE of the retrieval LST is 1.734 K using the estimated Ta,and the estimated error of Ta is very sensitive for the retrieval LST when the atmospheric transmittance,τ is very low,and a small Ta estimated error will result in a big LST retrieval error,however,as the transmittance increases,the sensitivity of the retrieval error will decrease with the Ta estimated error.

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