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摘要： 通过对5种微波辐射计SSM/I、SSM/IS、TMI、AMSR\|E和WINDSAT以及2种微波散射计ASCAT和QUIKSCAT多年的海面风产品同浮标同步的实测资料进行数据匹配处理,再对匹配后的数据进行数据分析和统计。研究结果表明:微波辐射计遥感海面风的性能在1 m/s左右,可以满足绝大多数应用的需求。微波辐射计的低频海面风产品性能优于中频产品,但是中频数据地面分辨率高,建议在近海应用中使用中频产品,在大洋应用中使用低频产品。就不同微波辐射计而言,AMSR\|E和WINDSAT性能较优,SSM/I和SSM/IS性能较差,TMI则处于中等水平。微波辐射计测量风速的性能与微波散射计相比处于同一水平,但在高风速段微波辐射计有一定优势。微波辐射计中仅全极化微波辐射计WINDSAT具有测量海面风向的能力,在低风速段,WINDSAT测量海面风向的性能远远不及微波散射计,只有风速超过6 m/s时,WINDSAT提供的海面风向数据才能符合应用的需求。当风速超过8 m/s后,WINDSAT遥感海面风向的能力就和微波散射计基本一致。在此基础上,提出了强风条件下深入研究的必要性,并对浮标测风存在的问题做出了初步的分析并指出了改进的方向。 关键词： 微波辐射计;  海面风;  数据验证     Abstract: In this study,the sea surface wind speed and wind direction data from five microwave radiometers including SSM/I,SSM/IS,TMI,AMSR\|E and WINDSAT,and two microwave scatterometers including ASCAT and QUIKSCAT,are compared with collocated buoy data.The results shows that the accuracy of wind speed from microwave radiometers is about 1 m/s,which meet requirements of most applications.Low frequency products of microwave radiometers are more accurate than the middle frequency products.However,the middle frequency products are recommended to be used in offshore applications for its higher horizontal resolution,and low frequency products are recommended for applications in the open ocean.In the five microwave radiometers,AMSR\|E and WINDSAT give better wind speed products than TMI,while TMI preforms better than SSM/I and SSM/IS.The microwave scatterometers are slightly better at monitoring sea surface wind speed than the microwave radiometers,but the microwave radiometers are better at monitoring larger wind speed.While WINDSAT is the only microwave radiometer able to get wind direction information,microwave radiometers perform much better on monitoring sea surface wind direction than WINDSAT.Only when the wind speed exceeds 6 m/s,sea surface wind data provided by WINDSAT could meet the requirements of applications.And when wind speed is larger than 8 m/s,wind direction from WINDSAT shows similar accuracy with that from microwave scatterometers.On the basis of these results,this study pointed out the needs of improvement of wind remote sensing under high wind conditions.Meanwhile,the accuracy of wind data from buoy is also preliminarily analyzed and based on the analysis,directions of improvements of buoys are proposed.

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