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摘要： 随着社会经济的快速发展和城镇化进程不断加快，土地利用景观格局的变化持续影响着区域生境质量。为了深入探究土地利用变化对生境的影响，选取人类活动较为剧烈的咸阳市为研究区，以遥感解译的土地利用分类数据为基础，在ArcGIS和Fragstats软件的支持下分析了咸阳市2000~2010年间的土地利用和景观格局变化特征，并采用InVEST模型评价生境质量，以此监测生境质量的变化情况。结果表明：2000~2010年间咸阳市的综合土地利用动态度为2.34%，变化总体缓慢；土地利用变化特点是耕地、草地面积有所减少，主要转出至林地和建设用地，导致林地、建设用地面积增加；景观的破碎化程度与结构复杂性变高；生境质量稍有好转，整体上呈现中、北部高于南部的空间格局，优、良、差等级的生境质量所占面积比例提升，中等级生境质量所占面积比例大幅度降低；全市14个县（市、区）中，旬邑县的生境质量最好，礼泉县的生境质量提升幅度最为显著；生境质量变化的驱动力主要是土地利用格局的转变。咸阳市今后可在继续实行现有生态保护措施的同时，加大保护与治理力度，逐步实现土地利用与生态环境的协调发展。  关键词： 土地利用;  景观格局;  InVEST模型;  生境质量;  驱动力分析     Abstract: With the accelerating process of society，economy and urbanization，land use and landscape changes have gradually become important to make effects on regional habitat quality.It is necessary to further investigate those two effects，the result of which can provide a scientific basis for regional habitat conservation and reasonable utilization of land，then will be of great importance in habitat protection and development of the region.In this paper，the study area was located in Xianyang city，Shaanxi Province，which had the frequent human activities and obvious land use changes.Based on the classification of land use data which interpreted by remote sensing，supported by ArcGIS software，the land use transfer matrix of Xianyang from 2000 to 2010 was analyzed.Landscape metrics were calculated by the Fragstats software，which represented for the landscape pattern changes and spatial characteristics.The InVEST model was selected to evaluate habitat quality in study area.The habitat quality changes was monitored.The results indicate that the integrated land use dynamics of Xianyang city is 2.34%，and the changes of land use rate is slow.The main transition from cultivated land and grassland to forest and construction land，which cause the area of first two land use types reduced，and the latter two types increased.The degree of fragmentation and the complexity of structure in landscape are higher than before.Habitat quality improved slightly，and its overall spatial pattern is that central and north areas are relatively higher than the south.Area percentage of excellent，good and poor grades increase，while the habitat quality of medium grade significantly decline.Among 14 districts and counties of habitat quality in Xianyang city，Xunyi County is the best，and the improved magnitude of Liquan county is the most significant.The main driving force of habitat quality change is the transform of land use pattern.Therefore，the relevant departments of Xianyang city should continue to implement the ecological protection measures，and increase the intensity about the protection and management of environment.Thereby to promote the coordinated sustainable development of land use and habitats.

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