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摘要： 通过野外采集巴音布鲁克草原开花马先蒿、未开花马先蒿和普通牧草3种植被光谱数据，对数据进行平滑去噪处理，一阶导数、二阶导数和倒数取对数变换，分析植被差异敏感波段。结果表明：在可见光波段，未开花马先蒿和普通牧草的光谱曲线整体呈现出一致性，而开花马先蒿的光谱曲线则呈现出明显差别；在红光波段750 nm及近红外波段处，未开花马先蒿光谱反射率明显提升，三者光谱反射率表现出明显差异；倒数取对数变换后的580~680 nm处可以作为马先蒿识别的敏感区域，655 nm处三者光谱反射率差异最为明显，解决了可见光波段未开花马先蒿与普通牧草易混淆的不足。通过计算改进归一化植被指数，进一步验证和表明了倒数取对数变换后的NDVI改进值NDVI RLR可以将开花马先蒿、未开花马先蒿与普通牧草进行区分。马先蒿的光谱特征提取方法为马先蒿的遥感监测提供了理论依据，对遥感技术在马先蒿资源调查和监测应用具有重要意义。 关键词： 新疆;  马先蒿;  冠层;  光谱特征     Abstract: Through the field acquisition of three vegetation spectral datas，flowering Pedicularis，non flowering Pedicularis and common vegetation on Bayanbulak grassland，the first derivative，the two derivative and the reciprocal logarithm transformation were used to the smoothed and denoised data to analyze the difference sensitive bands of vegetation.The results showed that in visible light，non flowering Pedicularis and common vegetation showed the overall consistency，but the spectral curve of flowering Pedicularis showed a significant difference.In the red band and near infrared band at 750nm，non flowering Pedicularis reflectance increased significantly，and the three kinds of spectral reflectance showed significant differences.The reciprocal logarithmic transformation in the visible 580~680 nm band could be used to distinguish the Pedicularis as sensitive area.The spectral reflectance difference between the three at 655 nm was the most obvious.That solved the non flowering Pedicularis and common vegetation confusable problems.The improved normalized difference vegetation index by calculation，to further validate and showed the reciprocal logarithmic transformed values NDVI RLR could be distinguished the difference of flowering Pedicularis，non flowering Pedicularis and common vegetation.The extraction and analysis of hyperspectral data and characteristics from Pedicularis provided a theoretical basis for remote sensing monitoring of Pedicularis，and Remote sensing technology has great significance in Pedicularis resource survey and monitoring application.

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